回忆中提及他人与幼儿错误信念理解的关系

让74名3～4岁儿童讲述自己的过去经历，并考察其语言能力和心理理论，探讨儿童回忆叙述的内容是否与推理他人心理状态的能力有关。结果发现：与已有西方文献相比，中国儿童对自己情绪和心理状态的回忆非常少；儿童回忆时，谈及他人的次数和其他个体的数目越多，其心理理论越好，排除了年龄和语言的影响后，谈及他人的数目与错误信念成绩仍然相关。儿童习惯在与他人的联系中叙述过去，涉及他人的谈论与推理心理状态的能力有关，这些结果可能提示了文化渗透的影响。

Relationship between Talking about Others While Reminiscing and the Emergence of Theory of Mind in Chinese Preschoolers

To illustrate the relationship between the content of reminiscing and the ability of reasoning others' mental state,74 children of 3-to 4-year-old were asked to talk about their experience and complete a set of theory of mind tasks.The results showed that compared to those of previous western researches,Chinese children mentioned little about emotion and mental state;children who mentioned larger number of other individuals in their autobiographical memory,showed better performance on theory of mind task,even when age and language ability were partial out.Chinese children are used to talk about past events in the interaction with others,and such reminiscing pattern may correlate to children's ability of reasoning about others' mental state.These results may suggest the impact of culture on autobiographical memory.