The kinetics of parasitic growth in GaAs MOVPE

Gallium arsenide (GaAs) deposition was carried out in a horizontal quartz reactor tube with trimethylgallium (TMGa) and arsine (AsH₃) as precursors, using a hydrogen (H₂) carrier gas. Temperatures were in the range 400–500 °C, where surface reactions limit deposition rate. Nucleation time and deposition rate were monitored using laser interferometry, optimum reflectance was gained by aligning a quartz wafer to back reflect the incident beam. The 980 nm infrared laser beam was sufficiently long in wavelength to be able to penetrate the wall deposit. Results showing the effect of temperature and V/III ratio on the nucleation time and deposition rate are presented, where with temperature the nucleation delay was observed to reduce and the growth rate to increase. The nucleation delay is consistent with a thermally activated surface nucleation for the parasitic GaAs. A theoretical growth rate model, based on a restricted set of reaction steps was used to compare with the experimental growth rates. Without any free parameters, the growth rates from theoretical calculation and experiment agreed within a factor of two and showed the same trends with V/III ratio and temperature. The non-linearity of the theoretical growth rates on an Arrhenius plot indicates that there is more than one dominant reaction step over the temperature range investigated. The range of experimental activation energies, calculated from Arrhenius plots, was 17.56–23.59 kJ mol⁻¹. A comparison of these activation energies and minimum deposition temperature with the literature indicates that the wall temperature measurement on an Aixtron reactor is over 100 °C higher than previously reported.