随机延迟概率对交通流的影响

考虑影响随机延迟概率的几种因素：当车速预期大于车距时，车辆处于减速状态，对前车状态变化的随机延迟反应较大，具有的延迟概率较大；当车速预 期 等于车距时，车辆处于平稳跟随行驶状态，具有的延迟概率较小；当车速预期小于车距时，车辆处于加速状态，其延迟概率最小. 计算机数值模拟得到的基本图不同于NaSch模型的基 本图，在基本图上出现阻塞的范围内存在两个不同的区域，分别对应于具有不同激波速度的交通阻塞. 同时，研究了交通阻塞到消散的滞后现象. 关键词：交通流元胞自动机模型基本图交通阻塞

Effects of the stochastic delay probability on traffic flow

Considering the effects of different factors on the stochastic delay probability , we have classified the delay probability into three cases. The first case, cor responding to the deceleration state, has a large delay probability if anticipan t veloc ity is larger than the gap between the successive cars. The second one, correspo nding to the leader following stably, has an intermediate delay probability if t he anticipant velocity is equal to the gap. The last is the one with acceleratio n with the minimum delay probability. The fundamental diagram obtained by the nu merical simulation shows the different properties compared with that by the NaSc h model, in which there exist two different jamming regions corresponding to the coexistent congestion and jamming with different properties of shock wave.