航空油料在舱室内燃爆危害的数值分析

不同舱室结构内航空油料的燃爆参数存在差异，为了解和掌握不同结构舱室内航空油料的燃爆危害性，运用计算流体动力学（computational fluid dynamics，CFD）方法对不同结构航空油料舱室内的航空油料蒸汽燃爆问题进行了数值模拟。结果表明:密闭航空油料舱中的航空油料蒸汽预混燃爆时，油舱各处压力分布较均匀，无隔板密闭舱室和含不完全分割隔板密闭舱室内航空油料的最大燃爆压力分别为0.76、0.74 MPa，即舱室内的不完全分割隔板对航空油料燃爆时所产生的最大压力无显著影响；隔板等特殊结构的存在使舱室内部产生了气流漩涡，增大了燃料消耗的速率，导致火焰面传播速度及压力上升速率增大，舱室内各处燃料的质量分数由火焰面决定。

Simulation analysis of combustion and explosion hazards of aviation fuel in cabin

With the rapid development of air transportation, the safe usability of aviation fuel is extremely important. However, during the storage, transportation and use of aviation fuel, it is very easy to form steam because of its good fluidity and volatility. In case of leakage, it will quickly form a flammable mixture with the air in the cabin, and combustion and explosion accidents may occur in case of fire source, while the combustion and explosion parameters of aviation fuel may vary in different compartment structures. In order to understand and grasp the hazard of aviation fuel combustion and explosion in different structural cabins, a numerical simulation study on aviation fuel vapor combustion and explosion in various structural aviation fuel cabins is conducted by using CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The results show that when the premixed deflagration of aviation fuel vapor occurs in the closed aviation fuel cabin, the pressure changes are more uniform, the flame surface is spherical diffusion, and the combustion reaction mainly occurs on the flame surface. Under the conditions of this numerical simulation, the maximum combustion and explosion pressures of aviation fuel in the closed compartment without partition and the closed compartment with incomplete partition are 0.76 MPa and 0.74 MPa, respectively; that is, the special structures such as incomplete partition in the compartment have no significant effect on the maximum pressure generated by aviation fuel combustion and explosion. The existence of special structures such as diaphragms makes the air flow vortex in the cabin, increases the fuel consumption rate, and increases the propagation speed and pressure rise rate of the flame surface. The change of temperature distribution is highly consistent with the propagation process of the flame surface, while the combustion reaction mainly occurs on the flame surface. The mass fraction of fuel in the cabin is determined by the flame surface.