致病菌与糖的特异性识别及其分析应用研究

致病菌往往通过凝集素-糖特异性识别来实现对宿主细胞的粘附,进而感染宿主组织,引起病变。因此,研究致病菌与糖的特异性识别有利于进一步了解感染性疾病的致病机制,为致病菌的特异性检测和感染性疾病的治疗提供新的策略。该文总结了致病菌-糖特异性识别的相关机制机理;介绍了目前主要的研究方法和技术,特别评述了荧光光谱、表面等离子体共振、电化学阻抗谱及石英晶体微天平等技术在该研究中的应用现状,并对这4种技术与微流控芯片平台的结合进行了探讨;针对致病菌检测特异性差、耐药性严重等难题,重点综述了致病菌-糖的特异性识别在细菌分离、富集、检测、鉴别、生物膜抑制及抗菌糖类药物筛选方面的应用。最后对致病菌-糖特异性识别基础和应用研究进行了展望。

Specific Recognition of Pathogenic Bacterium towards Glycan and Its Applications in Analytical Chemistry

Pathogen adhesion to host tissue is a prerequisite for a majority of infectious diseases.A common way for accomplishing adhesion is specific recognition of bacterium cellular lectins towards glycan on the surface of the host cells.Therefore,research on pathogenic bacteria-glycan interactions is beneficial to further understand the pathogenic mechanism of infectious diseases.Meanwhile,it could provide new strategies for specific detection on pathogenic bacteria and treatment of infectious diseases,and the mechanisms related with adhesion of pathogenic bacteria,carbohydrate-lectin interactions and multivalent interactions were summed up.The analysis technologies of pathogenic bacteria-glycan interactions were introduced,especially,the latest development and research of surface plasmon resonance,quartz crystal microbalances,fluorescence spectrum and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were summarized.Special attention was paid to the combination of those detecting technologies and microfluidic chip platforms.In view of the serious problems of antibiotics resistance and poor specificity of pathogenic bacteria detection,the applications of bacterial isolation,enrichment,detection,identification,biofilm inhibition and the screening of antimicrobial agents were reviewed.Finally,the future development for basic research and application of pathogenic bacteria-glycan interactions were prospected.