Role of thermodynamics in the shape transformation of embedded metal nanoparticles induced by swift heavy-ion irradiation |
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Authors: | Ridgway M C Giulian R Sprouster D J Kluth P Araujo L L Llewellyn D J Byrne A P Kremer F Fichtner P F P Rizza G Amekura H Toulemonde M |
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Affiliation: | Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. |
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Abstract: | Swift heavy-ion irradiation of elemental metal nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in amorphous SiO(2) induces a spherical to rodlike shape transformation with the direction of NP elongation aligned to that of the incident ion. Large, once-spherical NPs become progressively more rodlike while small NPs below a critical diameter do not elongate but dissolve in the matrix. We examine this shape transformation for ten metals under a common irradiation condition to achieve mechanistic insight into the transformation process. Subtle differences are apparent including the saturation of the elongated NP width at a minimum sustainable, metal-specific value. Elongated NPs of lesser width are unstable and subject to vaporization. Furthermore, we demonstrate the elongation process is governed by the formation of a molten ion-track in amorphous SiO(2) such that upon saturation the elongated NP width never exceeds the molten ion-track diameter. |
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