Fluorescence upconversion properties of a class of improved pyridinium dyes induced by two-photon absorption |
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Authors: | Guibao Xu Dawei Hu Xian Zhao Zongshu Shao Huijun Liu Yupeng Tian |
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Affiliation: | aState Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;bDepartment of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei 230009, PR China |
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Abstract: | We report the fluorescence upconversion properties of a class of improved pyridinium toluene-p-sulfonates having donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) structure under two-photon excitation at 1064 nm. The experimental results show that both the two-photon excited (TPE) fluorescence lifetime and the two-photon pumped (TPP) energy upconversion efficiency were increased with the enhancement of electron-donating capability of the donor in the molecule. It is also indicated that an overlong alkyl group tends to result in a weakened molecular conjugation, leading to a decreased two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section. By choosing the donor, we can obtain a longest fluorescence lifetime of 837 ps, a highest energy upconversion efficiency of 6.1%, and a maximum TPA cross-section of 8.74×10−48 cm4 s/photon in these dyes. |
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Keywords: | Nonlinear optics Two-photon absorption Upconversion lasing |
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