光管理在晶体硅电池中的应用

光管理是提高晶体硅太阳能电池光吸收和短路电流（Jsc）进而提高转换效率的重要因素之一。本文回顾了最常见的光管理方式，包括表面抗反射、散射以及陷光等。为了降低晶体硅电池的表面反射损失，开发了多种表面抗反射结构。例如，仿生蛾眼结构利用渐变折射率实现了宽光谱低反射率，其表面反射率可达1％以下。随着晶体硅电池衬底减薄，光管理要求更加严格，除了在更宽波长范围内达到超低反射率外，还需要在更高的入射角范围内实现低反射率。此外，利用前表面散射以及背表面陷光结构提高红外光的吸收光程对于晶体硅电池特别是薄衬底晶体硅电池的有效光吸收具有重要意义。

Light management in crystalline silicon solar cells

Light management is an important factor for high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells, which can enhance light absorption to increase a short-circuit current（Jsc ）. In this contribution, the most common light management methods including antireflection, surface scattering, and light confinement are reviewed. Re-searchers have developed various surface antireflection structures to lower the surface reflection loss of the cell. For example, biological structures fabricated by moth-eye type texture create a gradient refractive index profile resulting in a reflectance below 1% over a wide wavelength range. As the wafer thickness is reduced gradual-ly, light management becomes even more critical for cell performance. Antireflection for the wide wavelength and incident angle range has attracted much attention. And light scattering and confinement may be the most effective ways to enhance light path length and absorption for thinner substrates.