Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Grassypeptolide A |
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| Authors: | Dr. Hui Liu Dr. Yuqing Liu Zhuo Wang Dr. Xiangyou Xing Prof. Dr. Anita R. Maguire Prof. Dr. Hendrik Luesch Prof. Dr. Hui Zhang Prof. Dr. Zhengshuang Xu Prof. Dr. Tao Ye |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86)?755‐26032290;2. Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong (P.R. China);3. Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork (Ireland);4. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 (USA) |
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| Abstract: | Herein, we describe in full our investigations into the synthesis of grassypeptolide A ( 1 ) in 17 linear steps with an overall yield of 11.3 %. In particular, this work features the late‐stage introduction of sensitive bis(thiazoline) heterocycles and 31‐membered macrocyclization conducted at the sterically congested secondary amide site in superb conversion (72 % yield). Biological evaluation indicated that grassypeptolide A significantly inhibited cancer cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner. It induced cancer cell apoptosis, which was associated with increased cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and decreased expression of bcl‐2 and bcl‐xL. Furthermore, grassypeptolide A also caused cell cycle redistribution by increasing cells in the G1 phase and decreasing cells in the S and G2 phases. In addition, cell cycle arrest was correlated with downregulation of cyclin D and upregulation of p27 and p21. |
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| Keywords: | cyclodepsipeptides cytotoxicity grassypeptolide thiazolines total synthesis |
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