Sample preparation for high-performance liquid chromatography in the clinical laboratory |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Germany;2. School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK;3. Fluvial Dynamics Research Group, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain;4. Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;5. Catalan Institute for Water Research, Girona, Catalonia, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China;2. School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China;3. Department of Environmental Resources Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan;4. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tropical Island Ecology, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China |
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| Abstract: | Techniques for the preparation of clinical specimens for high-performance liquid chromatography are described. Liquid samples containing high enough concentrations of analytes may be injected directly or after centrifugation. Proteins may be removed by precipitation with organic, anionic or cationic precipitants or by ultrafiltration. Compounds having large partition coefficients may be extracted with an organic solvent. Extraction may also be performed following derivatization, ion-suppression, ion-pairing, salt addition or complex formation. Solid phase extraction may be off-line using disposable cartridges or on-line with an Advanced Automated Sample Processor. The advantages and disadvantages of each method and the trends in sample preparation techniques are discussed. |
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