Analytical study of spherical cloak/anti-cloak interactions |
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Authors: | Giuseppe Castaldi Andrea Alù |
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Institution: | a Waves Group, Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Corso Garibaldi 107, I-82100, Benevento, Italyb Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0803, Austin, TX 78712, USAc Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 200 South 33rd Street, Room 215, Moore Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA |
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Abstract: | The intriguing concept of “anti-cloaking” has been recently introduced within the framework of transformation optics (TO), first as a “countermeasure” to invisibility-cloaking (i.e., to restore the scattering response of a cloaked target), and more recently in connection with “sensor invisibility” (i.e., to strongly reduce the scattering response while maintaining the field-sensing capabilities). In this paper, we extend our previous studies, which were limited to a two-dimensional cylindrical scenario, to the three-dimensional spherical case. More specifically, via a generalized (coordinate-mapped) Mie-series approach, we derive a general analytical full-wave solution pertaining to plane-wave-excited configurations featuring a spherical object surrounded by a TO-based invisibility cloak coupled via a vacuum layer to an anti-cloak, and explore the various interactions of interest. With a number of selected examples, we illustrate the cloaking and field-restoring capabilities of various configurations, highlighting similarities and differences with respect to the cylindrical case, with special emphasis on sensor-cloaking scenarios and ideas for approximate implementations that require the use of double-positive media only. |
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Keywords: | Cloaking Metamaterials Anti-cloaking Transformation optics |
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