Heteroaromatic thioamides: Structure and stability of charge transfer complexes with iodine, antithyroid activity

The review generalizes the structural studies on the products of the interaction of antithyroid preparations (heteroaromatic thioamides) with iodine. The n-σ* adducts of imidazol, thiazol, oxazole, pyridine, uracil derivatives with molecular iodine, iodinium salts, and also disulfides formed as a result of thione oxidation in iodine-coordinating solvents are considered. Based on mainly single crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy data, the structural parameters of iodine molecular complexes are shown to be highly sensitive to changes in the type of a heteroatom and substituents in the heteroring. The effect of the structure of heteroaromatic thioamides on their antithyroid activity is analyzed.