Determination of Pentacyclic Triterpenes from Betula utilis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy |
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| Authors: | Anil Bhatia Baleshwar Meena Sanjeev K. Shukla Dalip K. Upreti Anuradha Mishra |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Phytochemistry Department, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India;2. School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Chemistry, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, UP, India;3. Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India;4. School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Chemistry, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, UP, India |
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| Abstract: | A rapid and reliable method was developed and validated for determining betulin and betulinic acid in bark in Betula utilis by high-resolution magic angle spinning 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy. HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy clearly distinguished the resonances of betulin and betulinic acid in the bark of all accessions of B. utilis. The concentrations of betulin and betulinic acid were calculated and added to the spectra. The determination of the targeted metabolites in chloroform extract of bark of each accession of B. utilis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quantitatively, betulin was present at higher concentrations than betulinic acid in all accessions. The HR-MAS NMR and HPLC results showed that betulin and betulinic acid varied significantly among accessions of B. utilis. Principal component analysis of the NMR and HPLC results provided classification into three metabolic groups in which the betulin concentration was high, moderate, or low. The results show that HR-MAS NMR is rapid for fingerprinting of betulin and betulinic acid in the bark of B. utilis, while minimizing the drawbacks associated with solvent extraction. |
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| Keywords: | Bark tissue betula utilis high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance NMR principal component analysis |
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