Phenolics,Antioxidant Potentials,and Antimicrobial Activities of Six Wild Boletaceae Mushrooms

Since mushrooms are important sources of bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, their identification and quantification were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography resulting in total concentrations between 2.9161?±?0.0829?mg/kg (Boletus fechtneri) and 51.4480?±?1.0333?mg/kg (Boletus appendiculatus). The antioxidant properties of methanol extracts and corresponding hydrolysates were estimated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), total reducing power, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity, and total phenolic content assays. The Xerocomus badius methanol extract showed the highest antioxidant potential, while among hydrolysates, the highest antioxidant potential was observed for Xerocomellus chrysenteron. The antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of studied mushrooms against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains were measured and the highest values were obtained for B. fechtneri and B. appendiculatus extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Principal component analyses and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were used to display the correlation between the parameters and their relationships with the mushroom species.