分级纳米材料的结构、制备及其应用

纳米材料因其独特的表面效应、体积效应和量子效应等特点,在化工、生物工程、医学和能源等领域有着广阔的应用。 由简单的低维纳米结构作为主要的构建单元并按照特定的排列方式组装成规整有序的三维结构,即分级纳米结构,已经开展了许多的研究。 本文综述了分级纳米结构的制备方法和微观结构,及其在污水处理、超级电容器、太阳能电池以及光催化等领域的应用。

Structure,Preparation and Application of Graded Nanomaterials

Due to its unique surface effects, volume effects and quantum effects, nanomaterials have broad applications in the fields of chemical engineering, bioengineering, medicine, and energy. A number of studies have been carried out using simple low-dimensional nanostructures as the main building blocks to assemble into a regular ordered three-dimensional structure, i.e., hierarchical nanostructures, in a specific arrangement. In this paper, the research progress of hierarchical nanostructures is reviewed. The microstructure of graded nanomaterials and the preparation of graded nanostructures are introduced respectively. The applications of graded nanomaterials in wastewater treatment, supercapacitors, solar cells and photocatalysis are also prospected.