12种龙胆科植物胚胎学资料的聚类分析

本文在平均欧氏距离系数基础上，运用UPGMA法，对12种龙胆科植物胚胎学资料进行了Q型聚类分析，聚类结果如下：(1)在树系图上，12种龙胆科植物明显分为4大类，其中第一大类包括椭圆叶花锚和四数獐牙菜，双蝴蝶属的峨眉双蝴蝶和假龙胆属的黑边假龙胆则分别单独聚为第三、第四类，其它8种植物共聚为第二大类；(2)獐牙菜属的4个种在胚胎学性状上明显分化3支，其中抱茎獐牙菜、西南獐牙菜与喉毛花聚为1支，红直獐牙菜与湿生扁蕾另聚1支，四数獐牙菜与椭圆叶花锚聚为1大类：(3)龙胆属的3个种与抱茎獐牙菜、西南獐牙菜、红直獐牙菜以及喉毛花、湿生扁蕾等共聚为一大类，且存在一定的分化，东北龙胆和线叶龙胆关系密切，条纹龙胆与前两者差异较大．聚类分析结果支持将双蝴蝶属、扁蕾属以及喉毛花属作为属级处理的意见，同时认为扁蕾属、喉毛花属和花锚属在系统学上与獐牙菜属有着密切的联系，獐牙菜属在低等类群中分化出扁蕾属，在高等类群中分化出花锚属，在中等进化的类群中分化出喉毛花属，而扁蕾属则进一步分化出龙胆属．

Cluster Analysis for Embryological Characters of 12 Species in Gentianaceae

In this paper, on the basis of average Euclidean distance coefficient ,Cluster analysis for embryological characters of 12 Species in Gentianaceae ha ve been conducted using UPGMA,Q.The results are as follows:(1)In the dendrogra m, 12 Species in Gentianaceae be divided into four large groups.Swertia tetrapte ra Maxim and Halenia elliptica was the first large group, while Tripterospermum cordatum(Marq) H.Smith and Gentianella azurea (Bunge) Holub as the third and the fourth large group respectively,and the other 8 species were the second large g roup;(2) Four species of genus Swertia was differentiated obviously into three b ranches embryologically. The first is clustered by S.franchitiana Maxim, S.cinct a Burk.and Comastoma pulmonarium(Turcz.) Toyokuni, while the second by S.erythro sticta Maxim and Gentianopsis paludosa(Fr.) Ma;and the third including S. tetrap tera and Halenia elliptica;(3)Gentiana,to be clustered with S.franchitiana,S.cin cta,S.erythrosticta,Comastoma pulmonarium,and Gentianopsis paludosa into one lar ge group, differentiated embryologically,too.Gentiana lawrencei var.farreri is m ore closely to G. manshnrica K. in relationship, while G. striata Maxim is farth er to the former two.These results supported the views that Comastoma,Gentianops is and Tripterospermum should be identified as the independent Genus, and accord ing to cluster analysis,Comastoma,Gentianopsis and Halenia maybe tied to Swertia systematically,the latter diverged to Gentianopsis and Halenia from its primiti ve and evolutionary taxa respectively, and from those taxa that evolved medially Comastoma originated,Gentiana originated from Halenia.