Waste cooking oil as a promising source for bio lubricants- A review

The development of renewable and sustainable products to replace fossil fuels is a key topic in this decade from an industrial, environmental, and scientific perspective. There is an inescapable flow of mineral-based lubricants into the environment due to the increasing use of numerous lubricant types, most of which are mineral-based. Waste cooking oil is another problem, and the disposal of this oil pollutes the environment. Making bio-based lubricant from used cooking oil can solve both of these problems. Lubricating oils that can be created from waste cooking oil are the subject of this article. Bio-lubricants are an attractive alternative to conventional petro-based lubricants because of a number of physical properties, including as biodegradability, high lubricity, and high flash points. Despite this, they are expected to displace petroleum-based lubricants in a range of applications because to their inefficient chemical structure. This allows waste oil to be used as a lubricant while still keeping its tribological and environmental properties through chemical modification. Biodegradable lubricants may benefit from lower prices for waste natural oils, which may help them compete on the market. This article provides a brief introduction of waste cooking oil and its possible use as a bio-based lubricant, as well as the many elements and trends within it.