发光二极管路灯光强空间分布的非线性优化设计

道路照明的首要目的是满足使用者的视觉需求,在此前提下还应尽可能降低能耗实现节能环保,这两点均与道路灯具的光强空间分布密切相关。而很难用一种通用的光强分布适用不同的道路和灯具安装条件。针对主干路、次干路、支路3种典型道路类型,提出了根据具体道路、安装条件以及驾驶员视觉光环境需求逆向设计灯具最节能光强空间分布的思路,并建立了以驾驶员视觉光环境需求为约束、以灯具总光通量最小为目标的非线性优化模型,将路面照度分布表述为余弦多项式并利用分级优化方法进行了求解。得到了3种典型道路条件下发光二极管(LED)路灯的最佳光强空间分布,相比现基于照度均匀分布设计的LED路灯光强分布,驾驶员视觉光环境质量显著改善,且灯具节能30%左右。

Nonlinear Optimization of Light Intensity Spatial Distribution for LED Road Luminaires

The primary purpose of road lighting is to satisfy the visual requirements of road users, and then to reduce the energy consumption as possible. Moreover, these two factors are closely related to the light intensity spatial distribution of road luminaires. Only one type of light distribution is not applicable to different roads and installation conditions of road luminaires. In view of three typical roads as major road, collector road and local road, a reverse method is proposed to design the most energy-saving light distribution of LED road luminaires based on the specific road conditions, installation parameters of road luminaires and practical visual requirements for drivers. A nonlinear optimization model is established, which takes the visual requirements of drivers as the constraint conditions and the minimum total luminous flux of LED luminaires as the goal. Then a polynomial of cosine function for the illumination distribution on road is used, and a two-level optimization strategy is proposed for the nonlinear optimization. Finally, the most energy-saving light distributions are obtained at three different road conditions. Compared with the light distribution of LED road luminaires designed by equal illuminance distribution method, the LED road luminaires with the proposed nonlinear method can significantly improve the quality of visual lighting environment on the road and save energy by about 30%.