Determination of trace elements in petroleum by neutron activation analysis |
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Authors: | K R Shah R H Filby W A Haller |
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Institution: | (1) Nuclear Radiation Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA |
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Abstract: | Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and Ge(Li) spectrometry have been used to determine Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn,
As, Se, Sb, Eu, Au, Hg, and U in crude petroleum. The technique involves no chemical separations and no pre-concentration
of the samples by ashing is necessary, thus avoiding contamination or loss of volatile elements. The estimated detection limits
in ppb for the elements are Sc (0.1), Cr (0.16), Fe (400.0), Co (0.6), Ni (1.1), Zn (200.0), As (6.0), Se (23.0), Sb (1.0),
Eu (0.58), Au (0.11), Hg (4.3), U (1.5). Precision values ranged from 0.1% to 15% (relative standard deviation). Interferences
in the Co and Fe determinations due to fast neutron reactions (n, p) and (n, α) on Ni isotopes are small and are easily corrected.
Losses of As, Se, and Hg due to escape of volatile gases during irradiation are negligible |
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