First experimental observations of neutron bursts under thunderstorm clouds near sea level |
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Authors: | S. A. Starodubtsev V. I. Kozlov A. A. Toropov V. A. Mullayarov V. G. Grigor’ev A. V. Moiseev |
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Affiliation: | 1.Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy, Siberian Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences,Yakutsk,Russia |
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Abstract: | The connection of short-term neutron bursts near sea level with the electric and geomagnetic atmospheric fields during thunderstorms in 2009–2011 has been experimentally studied. The data from the cosmic-ray spectrograph named after Kuzmin, an electrostatic fluxmeter, and a three-component fluxgate magnetometer in Yakutsk have been analyzed. It has been shown that short-term (no longer than 4 min) neutron bursts are due to negative lightning discharges. The bursts are detected at the ground level 1–3 km below thunderstorm clouds. In this case, the neutron flux is about 4 × 10−3 cm−2 s−1. The minimum energy of the neutrons that are efficiently detected by the monitor is about 10 MeV. It has been found that short-term neutron bursts are detected when the electric field strength reaches a threshold value of −16 kV/m. |
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