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Toward Understanding the Formation Mechanism and OER Catalytic Mechanism of Hydroxides by In Situ and Operando Techniques |
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| Authors: | Dr Zongkun Chen Qiqi Fan Jian Zhou Dr Xingkun Wang Prof Minghua Huang Prof Heqing Jiang Prof Helmut Cölfen |
| Institution: | 1. University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
Current address: Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34–36, 45470 Mülheim an der, Ruhr, Germany These authors contributed equally to this work.;2. University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany These authors contributed equally to this work.;3. University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany;4. Laboratory of Functional Membrane Material and Membrane Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101 Qingdao, P. R. China;5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, P. R. China |
| Abstract: | Developing efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a significant barrier that needs to be overcome for the practical applications of hydrogen production via water electrolysis, transforming CO2 to value-added chemicals, and metal-air batteries. Recently, hydroxides have shown promise as electrocatalysts for OER. In situ or operando techniques are particularly indispensable for monitoring the key intermediates together with understanding the reaction process, which is extremely important for revealing the formation/OER catalytic mechanism of hydroxides and preparing cost-effective electrocatalysts for OER. However, there is a lack of comprehensive discussion on the current status and challenges of studying these mechanisms using in situ or operando techniques, which hinders our ability to identify and address the obstacles present in this field. This review offers an overview of in situ or operando techniques, outlining their capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages. Recent findings related to the formation mechanism and OER catalytic mechanism of hydroxides revealed by in situ or operando techniques are also discussed in detail. Additionally, some current challenges in this field are concluded and appropriate solution strategies are provided. |
| Keywords: | Formation Mechanism Hydroxide Operando Techniques Oxygen Evolution Reaction In Situ Characterization |