Structure flexibility of the Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber in low-cost photovoltaic cells: from the stoichiometric to the copper-poor compounds |
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Authors: | Choubrac L Lafond A Guillot-Deudon C Moëlo Y Jobic S |
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Affiliation: | Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France. |
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Abstract: | Here we present for the very first time a single-crystal investigation of the Cu-poor Zn-rich derivative of Cu(2)ZnSnS(4). Nowadays, this composition is considered as the one that delivers the best photovoltaic performances in the specific domain of Cu(2)ZnSnS(4)-based thin-film solar cells. The existence of this nonstoichiometric phase is definitely demonstrated here in an explicit and unequivocal manner on the basis of powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses coupled with electron microprobe analyses. Crystals are tetragonal, space group I ?4, Z = 2, with a = 5.43440(15) ? and c = 10.8382(6) ? for Cu(2)ZnSnS(4) and a = 5.43006(5) ? and c = 10.8222(2) ? for Cu(1.71)Zn(1.18)Sn(0.99)S(4). |
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