空心阴极等离子体电子枪研究

对空心阴极等离子体电子枪的理论与机理做了较详细的分析，介绍了空心阴极放电特性，论 述了激励电极和调制电极在空心阴极内等离子体形成过程中的作用，分析了等离子体中电子 和离子的运动及主要参数，推导出空心阴极内电场与电流密度的表达式，研究了形成稳定电 子束流的基本条件.利用泊松方程、电流连续性方程和运动方程对其进行了数值模拟计算， 并给出了优化结果. 在此基础上设计出了输出束流脉宽为1μs、幅值达2kA的空心阴极等离 子体电子枪. 关键词： 空心阴极 等离子体 电子枪

Study of the hollow cathode plasma electron-gun

For developing a novel high-current, long pulsewidth electron source, the theoretics and mechanism of the hollow cathode plasma electron-gun are analyzed in detail in this paper, the structure and the physical process of hollow cathode pl asma electron-gun are also studied. This gun overcomes the limitations of most high-power microwave tubes, which employ either thermionic cathodes that produce low current-density beams because of the limitation of the space charge, or f ield-emission cathodes that offer high current density but provide only short pu lsewidth because of plasma closure of the accelerating gap. In the theories stud ying on hollow cathode plasma electron-gun, the characteristic of the hollow-cat hode discharge is introduced, the action during the forming of plasma of the sti mulating electrode and the modulating anode are discussed, the movement of elect rons and ions and the primary parameters are analyzed, and the formulas of the e lectric field, beam current density and the stabilization conditions of the beam current are also presented in this paper. The numerical simulation is carried o ut based on Poisson's equation, and the equations of current continuity and move ment. And the optimized result is reported. On this basis, we have designed a ho llow-cathode-plasma electron-gun, whose output pulse current is 2kA, and pulse w idth is 1 microsecond.