真空断路器弧后残余等离子体的探针诊断方法

真空断路器开断过程中弧后残余等离子体是表征其开断性能的重要参量。基于探针电子饱和区域工作原理，提出了一种真空电弧弧后残余等离子体电子密度测量方法，分析了其结构和工作原理。设计了探针诊断系统的探针结构和控制系统，基于可拆卸真空腔体进行了残余等离子体电子密度的单探针测量实验，采用高速相机观测电弧发展演变过程，研究了电流大小、触头结构等参数对残余等离子体衰减过程的影响。通过前人其他诊断方法对比验证了该测量方法的有效性，为后续真空断路器弧后微观特性研究提供了一种低成本、有效的诊断方法。

Probe diagnostics of post-arc residual plasma of vacuum circuit breakers

The post-arc residual plasma of the vacuum arcs in the breaking process is an important parameter, which is used to indicate the breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breakers. Based on the basic principle of the electron saturation region for the probe diagnostics, the paper proposes a measuring method of electron density in residual plasma. The structure and principle of the method are analyzed. The probe structure and control system of the probe diagnostics are designed. The electron density of the residual plasma is measured by the single probe based on the dismountable vacuum chamber. The vacuum arcs development is observed by the high speed camera. The influence of the current magnitude and contact structure on the decay process of the residual plasma is investigated. Finally, the validity of the measurement method is verified by comparing with other diagnostic methods, which provides a low-cost and effective diagnostic method for future research on the micro-characteristics of vacuum circuit breakers.