氢及氘的宽区物态方程研究进展

氢是自然界最丰富的元素，是天体物理和惯性约束聚变（ICF）研究的重要对象。简要综述了国内外氢及氘宽区物态方程研究进展，特别评述了OMEGA激光装置上的最新冲击压缩实验和理论模型的对比分析情况。在以往数据分析评估基础上，利用改进的化学自由能模型、第一原理数值模拟结果及多参数物态方程模型，构建了氢的宽区物态方程，适用温度、密度范围分别为20～10⁸ K，10⁻⁷～2000 g/cm³。与已有多类实验如冲击压缩实验、静高压等温线实验、声速等实验结果对比表明，新构建的氢宽区物态方程具有较高的置信度，为天体物理、惯性约束聚变、国际热核实验堆等工程物理设计提供高精度的支撑数据。氢宽区物态方程的构建及验证方法亦可适用于其同位素氘，该方法构建的氘宽区物态方程与2019年最新发表的主雨贡纽、二次冲击雨贡纽数据的吻合程度明显优于当前国外模型。指出了未来研究需要关注的状态区域。

Progress on wide-range equation of state for hydrogen and deuterium

Hydrogen is the most abundant element in nature and an important object of astrophysics and ICF research. This paper briefly presents an overview of the research progress in wide-range equation of state and especially comments assessment of the most recent shock compression experiments on Omega laser facility and the theoretical models. Based on the previous work, the wide-range equation of state of hydrogen is constructed by using the improved chemical free energy model, the first-principle numerical simulation results and the multi-parameter equation of state model, which is applicable in the temperature range of 20−108 K and the density range of 10−7−2000 g/cm3. Compared with experimental results, such as those of shock compression experiment, static high pressure isotherm experiment and sound velocity experiment, the newly-constructed wide-range equation of state for hydrogen has high confidence and provides high precision data for astrophysics, inertial confinement fusion, international thermonuclear experimental reactor and other engineering physics designs. The construction and validation method of the hydrogen wide-range equation of state can also be applied to its isotope deuterium. In comparison with current models published abroad, the deuterium wide-range equation of state constructed by this method is in better agreement with the experimental data of principal and secondary Hugoniot published in 2019. This paper also points out the temperature-density regimesthat need attention in future research.