雨天路滑现象的力学建模与分析

针对雨天路滑这一自然现象，基于土力学固结理论、强度理论和有效应力原理等，探讨提出了简化一维等效模型条件下的建模分析方法.采用固结土体抗剪强度除以剪应力的形式，建议了一种道路表面抗滑安全系数.结合工程经验性常见土体参数和路面行走算例，按简化模型进行了定性和定量分析，探讨了路滑的影响因素及其规律.结果表明，在算例条件下，一般砂土路面抗滑安全系数大致为黏土路面的6.0~9.0倍.土力学模型有望为路面抗滑设计和评估提供新的思路.

MECHANICAL MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF PAVEMENT SLIPPERINESS DURING OR AFTER RAIN

Pavements during or after rain are prone to become considerably slippery for pedestrians and motor vehicles. This natural phenomenon is investigated by using the Terzaghi's consolidation model, the shear strength theory and the effective stress principle, within the scope of soil mechanics. A methodology for assessing the slippery pavement is established on the assumption of a simplified 1D equivalent model. A safety factor against sliding along the pavement surface is proposed in terms of the shear strength of the consolidating soil divided by its shear stress. Based on the engineering empirical parameters of common soils, a case study of pedestrians on the sidewalk is statistically conducted to qualitatively and quantitatively reveal the control factors of the pavement slipperiness. It is shown that the evaluated safety factor against sliding for the sandy pavement is approximately 6.0 to 9.0 times greater than that for the clayey pavement. The soil mechanics-based modeling is a promising novel approach to the slip resistant or anti-skid pavement design and evaluation.