广义渗透系数

本文将Bjerrum渗透系数概念推广到混合溶剂体系中,提出了广义渗透系数的概念及其一般定义式,并导出了广义渗透系数与电解质活度系数之间的相互关系式,从而可以借助于广义渗透系数较易实现混合溶剂体系中溶质与溶剂热力学性质之间的相互推算,同时,混合溶剂作为一个整体的非理想性亦可得到具体度量.因此引入广义渗透系数概念具有理论与实际意义.

General Osmotic Coefficient

In this paper a new concept, known as general osmotic coefficient ( s), is proposed in terms of Bjerrum osmotic coefficient ( ) , and its definition formula is given. In fact, general osmotic coefficient is an extension of Bjerrum osmotic coefficient. According to the new concept the mutually related formula between general osmotic coefficient and electrolyte activity coefficient, which has just the same form as that in the single solvent electrolyte system, is conducted. Thus the mutual calculation of the thermodynamic properties between solute (electrolyte) and solvent can be easily carried out and the non-ideal degree of the mixed solvent can be measured by it. So general osmotic coefficent has a theoretical and practical signification.