Investigation of the Evolution Behavior of Light Tar During Bituminous Coal Pyrolysis in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

The evolution behavior of the light tar fraction of tar during large bituminous coal particle pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor at 500-900℃ was investigated to optimize the industrial process. The coal residence time was varied from 30 s to 150 s. The crude tar obtained was distilled and separated into the light fraction and the heavy fraction through an evaporator under conditions of 280℃ and 10⁴ Pa. The light tar was subjected to GC-MS analysis, and the 300 main species in each spectrum were determined and analyzed. The experimental results showed that the evolution behavior of the light tar fraction and the heavy tar fraction presented spectacularly different variation trends with pyrolysis temperature and coal residence time. The molecular weight and number of rings per aromatic compound molecule contained in the light tar fraction increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature because of polymerization. It was also observed that the amount of methyl substituents decreased with an increasing number of rings per molecule of poly-aromatic ring compounds. The chain aliphatic compound evolution was suppressed and underwent heterocyclization with increasing temperature.