对雷达导引头的极化域电磁干扰机理与仿真

防空、反舰、空对空、空对地导弹普遍采用单脉冲雷达主动寻的制导方式，这种雷达精确制导武器严重威胁了机载平台、大型舰船以及地面等重要军事目标的安全。为了对抗这种威胁，将电子攻击和硬杀伤武器进行组合无疑是上策，但在升空平台和舰艇上对单脉冲跟踪制导雷达进行电子电磁干扰存在很多技术困难。针对这个问题，研究了极化域电磁干扰的可行性,分析了其极化域电磁干扰机理、干扰条件和干扰方法，得到了目标回波和极化干扰共同作用下的定向误差曲线。仿真实验结果表明：天线系统的几何形状以及反射面和辐射器不够完善、辐射器偏离反射器的焦点和绕射现象等，引起了交叉极化，天线罩对入射波的不均匀插入相位延迟和传输系数，增大了交叉极化水平，使得雷达精确制导武器易受极化域电磁干扰的影响，且干扰角误差可达到波束宽度的量级。交叉极化干扰技术亟须从理论研究进入实际装备阶段，应引起工业部门的高度重视。

Electromagnetic interference mechanism and simulation in polarization for mono-pulse radar seeker

At present, the air defense, anti-ship, air-to-ground missiles all commonly utilize active monopulse radar homing mode, and such precise tracking guidance radar weapons make serious threat to airborne platforms, large ships, and important ground based military targets. To deal with this threat, there is no doubt that the combination of electronic attacks and hard-kill weapons are the best choice, but there are many technical difficulties in the air-based platforms and ships to launch electronic attack to monopulse tracking guidance radar. Aiming at this, the feasibility of electromagnetic interference in polarization field is studied. The mechanism of electromagnetic interference in polarization domain, interference conditions and interference method is analyzed. The results show that the geometry and the reflecting surface and the radiator antenna system are not perfect, radiator off the point and the diffraction phenomenon of reflector caused the cross polarization, radome on incident wave uneven insertion phase delay and transmission coefficient, that the direction of the antenna radome boresight shift appears, increasing the cross polarization level, so the radar precision guided weapon is easily affected by electromagnetic interference in polarization domain. This paper proposes a new electronic attack technique and analyzes the polarization jamming mechanism, jamming condition and methods, and simulates the important technique. This technique urgently needs to enter into actual equipment, and should be attached importance by industry sector.