Application of solid‐phase microextraction to the determination of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in Bohai Sea crude oils |
| |
Authors: | Baijuan Yang Wei Hou Kuiying Zhang Xiaoru Wang |
| |
Institution: | 1. Research Center for Marine Ecology, the First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, , QingDao, China;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, , Qingdao, China |
| |
Abstract: | A simple and rapid solid‐phase microextraction approach for the isolation of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles from the aromatic fraction of crude oil is described. 8‐Hydroxyquinoline silica gel impregnated with palladium chloride was used as a sorbent material for extraction. Operational parameters of the extraction solvents have been evaluated and optimized. Benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and benzob]naphtho1,2‐d]thiophene and their C1–C4 alkyl derivatives were identified and quantified by GC–MS. Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection for benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and benzob]naphtho1,2‐d]thiophene were 0.277, 0.193, and 0.597 μg/g oil, respectively. The recoveries for the polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles ranged from 81.5 to 92.1%, and the linear dynamic range was from 10 to 1000 ng/mL. The developed methodology was tested in the characterization of crude oil samples collected at the DY, SZ, ZH, and HC petroleum oil fields of the Bohai Sea. The results proved that SPE coupled with GC–MS is a promising tool for the quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in crude oils, especially for oil samples with low concentrations of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles. |
| |
Keywords: | Bohai Sea Crude oil Polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles Solid‐phase microextraction |
|
|