运动目标空间位置坐标激光跟踪测量的数学模型

运动目标空间位置激光跟踪测量是国际计量测试领域的前沿课题，该测量系统集激光干涉测距、精密机械、计算机及控制系统和现代数值计算于一体，对空间运动目标进行跟踪并实时测量其坐标和姿态。它的测量范围为１～５ｍ，测量精度为５０μｍ／ｍ。它的测量原理主要是干涉法和三角法。在干涉法中，根据跟踪测量机构数量的多少又可分为一站法和多站法。一站法采用球坐标测量法，多站法通过解最小二乘方程组计算出被测点的坐标。文中对各种测量方法的数学理论模型进行了较为详细地论述。

Mathematical model of laser tracking system for measuring spatial position and altitude of moving targets

The laser tracking and measuring of spatial moving targets is a newly developed aspect and frontier in international metrology. The measuring system is made up of the techniques of laser interferometry, precision mechanism, computer, control and moden numerical computation. The moving targets are tracked and its spatial position and attitude measured in real time. It has a measuring range of one to ten meters and an accuracy of fifty microns per meter. The measurement priciple can be divided into interferometry and triangulation. The interferometry can be further subdivided into single station and multistation methods based on the number of tracking and measuring mechanism. The single station measuring system determines the position of targets by spherical coordinate, while the multistation measuring system by solving the least square equations. This article discusses the mathematical theory models of all kinds of measuring methods in considerable detail.