Quantum kinetic theory of trapped particles in a strong electromagnetic field |
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Authors: | Andrea Fromm James Dufty |
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Institution: | a Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Leibnizstrasse 15, D-24098 Kiel, Germany b University of Florida, Department of Physics, NPB, P.O. Box 118440, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440, USA |
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Abstract: | The idea of treating quantum systems by semiclassical representations using effective quantum potentials (forces) has been successfully applied in equilibrium by many authors, see e.g. D. Bohm, Phys. Rev. 85 (1986) 166 and 180; D.K. Ferry, J.R. Zhou, Phys. Rev. B 48 (1993) 7944; A.V. Filinov, M. Bonitz, W. Ebeling, J. Phys. A 36 (2003) 5957 and references cited therein]. Here, this idea is extended to nonequilibrium quantum systems in an external field. A gauge-invariant quantum kinetic theory for weakly inhomogeneous charged particle systems in a strong electromagnetic field is developed within the framework of nonequilibrium Green’s functions. The equation for the spectral density is simplified by introducing a classical (local) form for the kinetics. Nonlocal quantum effects are accounted for in this way by replacing the bare external confinement potential with an effective quantum potential. The equation for this effective potential is identified and solved for weak inhomogeneity in the collisionless limit. The resulting nonequilibrium spectral function is used to determine the density of states and the modification of the Born collision operator in the kinetic equation for the Wigner function due to quantum confinement effects. |
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Keywords: | Quantum kinetic theory Effective quantum potentials Strong electromagnetic fields Nonequilibrium Green&rsquo s functions Confined charges |
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