Micro-crack tip fracture of commercial grade aluminum under mixed mode loading

In situ tensile tests were made in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate the deformation and micro-fracture in the immediate vicinity of a micro-crack tip in commercial pure aluminum with large-size crystal. Examined are the slip line field, stress intensity factor, strain energy density factor and crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) for mixed mode loading. Blunting and sharpening effects are observed. The latter is controlled by localized slip while the former by uniformed slip of the operating slip system with the highest crack tip Schmid factor. The operating slip system depends on the crystallographic orientation of crystal containing micro-cracks.The damage and fracture take place in the blunted region and depend on the coarsening and spacing of uniformed slip lines. The mixed mode micro-crack propagates along the direction where the voids grow and coalesce into the micro-crack. The direction also depends on the orientation of the applied loading. This suggests that the formation of macro-fracture mechanics could be applied. In particular, the minimum strain energy density criterion is suitable for determining the direction of micro-crack instability in the mixed mode. The in situ data were used to yield a nearly constant critical, minimum strain energy density factor for onset of micro-cracking.