1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯的合成与性能研究

以2-甲基嘧啶-4,6-二酮为原料, 通过硝化和水解过程合成出FOX-7 (1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯), 经IR, MS, NMR和元素分析鉴定了其结构, 并对影响得率的主要因素进行了简要分析. 重结晶提纯后培养合成产物的单晶, 用四圆衍射仪对其进行了结构解析, 得到了合成产物的晶体学数据. 测试了FOX-7的电火花感度和落锤感度, 并同RDX (1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三氮杂环己烷)、HMX(环四甲撑四硝胺)以及TATB(三氨基三硝基苯)进行了对比, 结果表明FOX-7的感度要低于RDX, 但较TATB差. 同时对原始样品和重结晶FOX-7的外观形貌和热性质进行了测试, 并对变化情况进行了说明, 发现FOX-7的外观形貌和热性质可以进一步改善和优化.

Synthesis and Properties of 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene

FOX-7 (1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene) was synthesized starting from the raw material 2-methylpyrimidine-4,6-dione after nitration and hydrolyzation. The title compound was characterized by means of IR, MS, NMR spectra and elemental analysis. The main factors which affected the yield were ana-lyzed. The single crystals of the product were obtained from recrystalization. The CAD4 Diffractometer was used to measure the unit cell parameters of its single crystal. The sensitivities of electrospark and impact for FOX-7 were studied and compared with that of RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine), HMX (cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine) and TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene). The results shows that the sensi-tivity of FOX-7 is lower than that of RDX, but higher than that of TATB. Compared with the recrystalized product, it is found that the surface topography and thermal properties of the raw FOX-7 have great effects on its properties. In this way, it can be improved and optimized.