近代低温绝热量热学的研究现状及发展前景

低温绝热量热法是化学热力学研究领域中重要的实验方法之一。由此方法所获得的许多结果，如宽温区摩尔热容、标准熵、标准热力学函数、相变温度、相变焓、相变熵、相变机理以及与物质结构和能量相关的许多其它重要信息，对各种物质或材料的理论研究和应用开发具有重要的指导作用。为此，本文对低温绝热量热法的研究意义、仪器发展概况和趋势、国内外研究现状、应用前景及研究课题展望等作了较为详细的评述。

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Low-temperature adiabatic calorimetry is one of the most important research methods in the fields of chemical thermodynamics. Many results obtained from the method, such as molar heat capacities over wide temperature range, standard entropy, standard thermodynamic functions, the temperature, entbalpy, entropy and mechanism of the phase transition, and other important information about the structure and energetics of the substances, have very significant guiding role in the theoretical research and application development of various substances or materials. This paper analyzes and summarizes the far-reaching research significance, development tendency, research situation worldwide. The perspectives of application and research of adiabatic calorimetry are given.