Abstract: | The pesticide residues in foods have received increasing attention as one of the most important food safety issues. Therefore,
more strict regulations on the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides in foods have been established in many countries
and health organizations, based on the sensitive and reliable analysis methods of pesticide residues. However, the analysis
of pesticide residues is a continuing challenge mainly because of the small quantities of analytes as well as the large amounts
of interfering substances which can be co-extracted with them, often leading to experimental errors and damage to the analytical
instruments. Thus, extensive sample preparation is often required for the pesticide residue analysis for the effective extraction
of the analytes and removal of the interferences. This paper focuses on reviewing the recent development in the sample preparation
methods for the pesticide residue analysis in foods since 2006. The methods include: liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), supercritical-fluid
extraction (SFE), pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction
(UAE), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), matrix solid-phase
dispersion (MSPD), solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME), QuEChERS, cloud point extraction (CPE) and liquid phase micro-extraction
(LPME), etc. Particularly their advantages, disadvantages and future perspectives will be discussed. |