The use of acids,niobium oxide,and zeolite catalysts for esterification reactions |
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| Authors: | Donato A G Aranda Jussara de Araújo Gon?alves José Sotolongo Peres André Luis Dantas Ramos Carlos Augusto Ribeiro de Melo Jr O A C Antunes Nelson C Furtado Carlton A Taft |
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| Institution: | 1. Greentec, Laboratório de Tecnologias Verdes, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco E, Sala 211, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fund?o, CEP 21945‐970, Rio de Janeiro‐RJ, Brazil;2. LCAT/ITP, Laboratório de Catálise, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300 – Prédio do ITP, Farolandia, CEP 49032‐490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;3. PEP/UNIT, Programa de Pós‐Gradua??o em Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolandia, CEP 49032‐490, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;4. Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CT Bloco A, Sala 641, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fund?o, CEP 21941‐909, Rio de Janeiro‐RJ, Brazil;5. LSMS/CBPF, Laboratório de Simula??o de Moléculas e Superfícies, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas, Rua Dr Xavier Sigaud, 150, Urca, 22290‐180, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | We have evaluated the influence of alcohol/fatty acid molar ratio (methanol or ethanol), water and catalyst concentrations and temperature by the esterification of palm fatty acids by heterogeneous acid catalysts (varying types, forms, and particle size). Polynaphtalene sulfonic acid (PSA) and niobium oxide (Nb2O5) presented better performance than zeolite catalysts. Reaction with methanol presented higher conversion than with ethanol. The experimental design showed that the most relevant variable is the catalyst concentration and all interactions become important in process. A heterogeneous kinetic model was proposed and applied to experimental data. One of the models was adequate for methanol reaction, whereas the homogeneous model was more appropriate for ethanol reaction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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| Keywords: | esterification biodiesel fatty acid heterogeneous catalysis niobium oxide |
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