Photochemistry and initiation behavior of phenylethynyl onium salts as cationic photoinitiators

Phenyl(phenylethynyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate and diphenyl(phenylethynyl)sulfonium hexafluorophosphate were synthesized for application as cationic photoinitiators using simple, straightforward methods. Quantification of the purity of the counterion was determined by FTIR analysis with subsequent mathematical peak deconvolution. Photodecomposition products for direct irradiation were determined in steady state photolysis experiments yielding diphenyl sulfide and phenyl(phenylethynyl) sulfide or iodobenzene, respectively, as main products. Heterolytic cleavage was proposed as main photodecomposition pathway because low yields of phenylacetylene radical recombination products and no photoproducts generated by phenyl radicals, including benzene, were detected. High activity as photoinitiators was verified by photo‐DSC experiments in direct irradiation and in photosensitized initiation using 9,10‐dibutylanthracene, 2‐isopropylthioxanthone, and surprisingly also benzophenone as sensitizers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3419–3430, 2009