Comparison of Extraction Techniques and Surfactants for the Isolation of Total Polyphenols and Phlorotannins from the Brown Algae Lobophora variegata |
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Authors: | Gülçin Gümü? Y?lmaz Juan Luis Gómez Pinchetti Alejandro Cifuentes Miguel Herrero Elena Ibáñez |
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Institution: | 1. Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey;2. ggumus@itu.edu.tr;4. Muelle de Taliarte s/n, Spanish Bank of Algae, Institute of Oceanography and Global Change (IOCAG), Telde, Canary Islands, Spain;5. Foodomics Laboratory, Institute of Food Science Research CIAL (CSIC-UAM). C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain |
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Abstract: | AbstractSurfactant-mediated extraction (SME), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) have been compared to improve the isolation of phlorotannins from the brown algae Lobophora variegata. Enzymatic treatment with Alcalase 2.4?L FG, Carezyme 4500?L, protease from Streptomyces griseus, pectinase from Aspergillus niger, Celluclast 1.5?L, protease from Bacillus licheniformis; surfactant extraction with triacetin and guaiacol and PLE with ethanol:water as extracting solvent, have been studied in terms of total phenolic content by the Folin–Ciocalteu method and total phlorotannin content using the DMBA assay. The results showed that SME yields the highest amount of phenols and phlorotannins by using food grade guaiacol as the surfactant. An extraction protocol was developed to maximize the amount of extract obtained from L. variegata. The effects of various parameters such as the type of surfactant, efficacy of surfactant, and optimum pH, on the extraction efficiency of polyphenols were examined. The simultaneous use of the enzyme and surfactant was also investigated. However, a synergistic effect between the enzymes and the surfactant for the extraction of polyphenols has not been observed. Considering total phenols and total phlorotannins in the extract, the extraction yield were obtained for total phenols as SME?>?EAE?>?PLE and for total phlorotannins as SME?>?PLE?>?EAE. |
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Keywords: | Brown algea enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) Lobophora variegata pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) surfactant-mediated extraction (SME) |
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