Uptake and biological responses to nano-Fe versus soluble FeCl3 in excised mussel gills |
| |
Authors: | Enikö Kádár David M Lowe Montserrat Solé Andrew S Fisher Awadhesh N Jha James W Readman Thomas H Hutchinson |
| |
Institution: | (1) Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK;(2) Marine research Institute, CMIMA, Barcelona, 08003, Spain;(3) University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK;(4) CEFAS Weymouth Laboratory, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK |
| |
Abstract: | Nano-Fe particle uptake was experimentally examined in vitro using excised gills and blood cells of the edible blue mussel
Mytilus sp. Whole gills were exposed to both Fe2O3 nanoparticles and a solution of the hydrated FeCl3 salt, for up to 12 h, and blood cells for 30 min. Equimolar Fe+3 in the nano- and the soluble form was estimated under the assumption of dense spherical particles accommodating the same
number of Fe+3 as in the dissolved salt solution, namely: 1,000 μg L−1 Fe2O3 equivalent to 100 μg L−1 FeCl3·6H2O. Putative toxic impact of nano-Fe in gill epithelia and blood cells was assessed by an array of techniques including light-
and electron microscopy, biomarkers for oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation levels), neurotoxic effects (acetylcholinesterase
activity) and cytotoxicity (neutral red retention). Total and filtered fractions (20 and 200 nm, respectively) of Fe were
analysed by ICP-OES. Our results provide evidence for the following: (1) much of both the soluble (95%) and the nano-Fe (90%)
were removed from the water column within 12 h; (2) dissolved- and nano-Fe seemed to follow different routes of uptake within
the gill epithelium; (3) both nano-Fe and soluble FeCl3 caused similar impairment of lysosomal stability in circulating blood cells; (4) lipid peroxidation in gills exposed to the
two distinct forms of Fe was increased, while acetylcholinesterase activity was unaffected. In these short-term in vitro studies,
there appears to be little difference in toxic response between exposure to the Fe salt and the nano-Fe indicating that, in
this case, the nanoparticles do not invoke special properties affecting biological function in gills. However, with the use
of nano-Fe as a food additive, clearly longer-term in vivo studies are warranted. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|