Clean-up techniques in the pressurized liquid extraction of abiotic environmental solid samples |
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Institution: | 1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China |
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Abstract: | Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) uses high pressure and temperature to perform exhaustive extraction and is one of the extraction techniques widely used for determining contaminants in environmental solid samples. However, under these conditions, compounds from the matrix are also extracted. Therefore, clean-up strategies must be often applied to remove interferences and avoid matrix effect in the subsequent determination. There are different clean-up strategies that can be used in PLE, some of which are applied during the extraction procedure and some are applied to the PLE extract. The aim of this review is to critically discuss these clean-up techniques used in PLE of abiotic environmental solid samples in the last 10 years. We provide the readers with information about the weaknesses and strengths of each strategy so they can select the most suitable clean-up technique for a specific environmental analytical problem. |
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Keywords: | Pressurized liquid extraction Clean-up In-cell On-cell Solid-phase extraction Gel permeation chromatography Environmental samples |
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