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Recent progress in detection of chemical and biological toxins in Water using plasmonic nanosensors
Affiliation:1. Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center (BSAC), University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States;2. São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil;3. Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, D.C.R. University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Haryana, India;1. Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru, 562112, Karnataka, India;2. School of Chemical Engineering, ARC Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia;3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia;1. Key laboratory of the three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China;3. CSIRO Manufacturing, Private bag 10, Clayton South VIC 3169, Australia;4. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis & New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, PR China;1. State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, SIST, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China;2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban X54000, South Africa;3. Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom;4. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana 500043, India;5. Department of Pharmacy, Vishwabharathi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522009, India;6. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam;7. The Faculty of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam;1. Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India;2. Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-Harayana 125001, India;3. Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A & M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA;5. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia;6. ARC Research Hub for Graphene Enabled Industry Transformation, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;1. Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran;2. Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:The supply of safe drinking water is one of the prominent challenges of the world. Water is polluted mainly by chemical and biological toxins which can causes a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Regular monitoring of chemical and biological toxins in water sources is the primary step in any preventive method. Traditional detection methods include adsorption and chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The devices based on these techniques are not easy to be carried for on-site detection and require laborious sample preparation protocols. However, advancements in nanomaterial-based sensors have provided solutions to these challenges. Recent developments in plasmonic sensors lead to extraordinary advancements in the area of ultra-sensitive detection at the single particle or molecular level. Noble metal nanoparticles of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) exhibit excellent plasmonic properties and have been applied for the selective and label-free detection of very low concentrations of aquatic pollutants. The present review represent the progress made towards the development and application of plasmonic nanosensors, specifically gold and silver nanoparticle-based sensors for the detection and quantification of various pollutants and contaminations in water. The design and fabrication of plasmonic nanosensors were given emphasis as it is fundamental in enhancing their affinity towards specific pollutant of interest. The effectiveness of plasmonic sensors in reducing the use of expensive instruments while enabling on-site multifunctional detection of toxin contaminants and also the future potential of plasmonic sensors will be highlighted.
Keywords:Plasmonic sensors  Noble metal nanoparticles  Gold nanoparticles  Silver nanoparticles  Water pollution  Chemical toxins  Biological toxins  SERS
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