声矢量传感器研究进展

声矢量传感器由传统的无指向性声压传感器和偶极子指向性质点振速传感器复合而成,可以同步共点测量声场中一点处的声压和质点振速若干正交分量,由此得到的幅度和相位信息为解决一些水声问题提供了新的思路。因其实际的和潜在的工程应用价值,所以在最近十年间与此相关的声矢量传感器技术备受水声界关注。本文尝试综述声矢量传感器技术近五十年间在物理基础、传感器设计制作、相关工程应用等各方面的发展历史、现状和所取得的一些研究进展。

Progress of study on acoustic vector sensor

Acoustic vector sensor is combined with traditional omni directional pressure sensor and dipole directional particle velocity sensor, which simultaneously and colocately measures orthogonal components of particle velocity as well as pressure at single point in space. It provides new idea for solving underwater acoustic problems using those obtained amplitude and phase information. Because of potential and important value of engineering application, underwater acoustic association pays many attentions to technology corresponding to acoustic vector sensor during last about decade. Based on investigation practice with many years, authors tray to review study developments in physical fundaments, sensor design and manufacture, corresponding engineering applications, and so on during 50 years.