| 低密度微孔聚合物泡沫的制备 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗炫,张林,杜凯,刘宁.低密度微孔聚合物泡沫的制备[J].强激光与粒子束,2004,16(2):181-184. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗炫 张林 杜凯 刘宁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1．四川大学原子核科学技术研究所，辐射物理及技术教育部重点实验室，成都610064；2．中国工程物理研究院 激光聚变研究中心，四川 绵阳，621900 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国工程物理研究院科学技术基金资助课题(20030869) |
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| 摘 要： | 介绍了一种利用聚合物和溶剂的相分离，经过冷冻干燥来制备聚合物泡沫（特别是聚苯乙烯类泡沫）的通用技术。采用该技术制备的具有开放状孔洞结构的聚苯乙烯泡沫的密度为0.02~0.1g/cm3，平均孔径为1～20μm，而且泡沫具有各向同性，孔径非常均匀。通过对聚合物泡沫的表征，对影响泡沫形貌和密度的因素，如聚合物/溶剂体系，冷却速率等进行了研究，结果表明：所用溶剂对于该聚合物的Θ温度（溶剂与聚合物作用力为零的温度）必须高于该溶剂的熔点；采用单轴冷却方式可以减小由于溶液中心处和外围处的温差而引起的热应力对泡沫形貌的影响，冷却速率为100℃/min。
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| 关 键 词： | 冷冻干燥 相分离 聚苯乙烯 泡沫 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-4322(2004)02-0181-04 |
| 收稿时间： | 2003/7/11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年7月11日 |
Fabrication of low density microporous polymeric foams |
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| LUO Xuan.Fabrication of low density microporous polymeric foams[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2004,16(2):181-184. |
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| Authors: | LUO Xuan |
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| Institution: | 1．Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;2．Research Centre of Laser Fusion, CAEP, P.O.Box 919-987, Mianyang 621900, China |
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| Abstract: | By the general freezing-dry technology, low density, open-celled microporous polymeric foams, such as polystyrene, can be fabricated. The density of polystyrene foam is 0.02～0.1g/cm~3, and the average cell size is 1～20μm. The factors that affect the cellular structure of foams, such as the process of phase separation between polymer and solvent, the system of polymer and solvent, and the freezing rate have been studied. In order to obtain the homogeneous defect-free foams, the technology must pick a system in which the theta temperature of solvent to polymer is higher than the solvent melting point temperature, and use unidirectional freezing whose quench rate exceeds 100℃/min. |
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| Keywords: | Freezing-dry Phase separation Polystyrene Foam |
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