稀土离子特性与稀土功能材料研究进展

稀土元素是一个包含了由钪、钇与镧系共17种元素的系列统称,它们既具有本质上的物理化学相似性,也具有各自独特和多样的电子结构。 从化学水平上讲,稀土离子的特性决定了稀土永磁、磁致冷、超导、热释电、光学制冷、非线性光学、催化等高新技术应用的本质;从材料水平上讲,稀土功能材料是实现这些技术应用的基础。 从科技发展要求来讲,稀土功能材料的研发是实现稀土资源高质量发展的最重要途径。 本文从稀土离子特性出发,利用轨道杂化模型构建稀土离子与稀土功能材料之间的基本关系,总结了近年来不同应用领域中稀土离子在稀土功能材料的组成设计与性能优化方面的研究进展。

Research Progress on the Characteristics of Rare Earth Ions and Rare Earth Functional Materials

Rare earth elements are a series of 17 elements including scandium, yttrium and lanthanide. They not only have physical and chemical similarities in nature, but also have their own unique and diverse electronic structures. From the chemical level, the characteristics of rare earth ions determine the nature of high-tech applications, such as rare earth permanent magnet, magnetic cooling, superconductivity, pyroelectricity, optical refrigeration, nonlinear optics, catalysis, etc. Rare earth functional materials are the basis for the application of these technologies. In terms of the requirements of scientific and technological development, the research and development of rare earth functional materials is the most important way to achieve high-quality development of rare earth resources. In this paper, based on the characteristics of rare earth ions, the orbital hybrid model is used to construct the basic relationship between rare earth ions and rare earth functional materials. The research progress of rare earth ions in composition design and performance optimization of rare earth functional materials in different application fields in recent years is summarized.