基于抗菌肽的智能型抗菌涂层研究进展

抗菌肽作为一种高效、广谱、不致细菌耐药性的抗菌物质受到科研人员的广泛关注。 在生物材料表面制备抗菌肽基涂层是减少器械相关细菌感染的有效途径。 然而传统抗菌肽释放型涂层受限于抗菌肽存储量,抗菌时效短;抗菌肽直接固定涂层易遭受死细菌对杀菌性能的掩蔽。 另外,生物材料使用场景的多变性和复杂性,强烈要求材料的正常服役和抗感染性能具有高度可调控性。 将刺激响应聚合物与现有的抗菌策略相结合,并通过精巧的设计来构建智能型抗肽涂层平台,对于获取优异的抗菌特性和丰富体系的使用场景具有重要意义。 本文综述了智能型抗菌肽涂层的研究进展,阐述了构建释放型和非释放型涂层的主要策略,分析了刺激响应聚合物在抗菌体系中的作用及角色,探讨了智能抗菌肽涂层在正常服役和感染应对阶段的功能转换设计,并对智能型抗菌肽涂层的未来发展做出展望。

Recent Progress in the Development of Smart Coatings Based on Antimicrobial Peptides

Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) have been extensively studied due to their rapid-acting, broad-spectrum activities and low possibility to develop resistance to bacteria. A potential approach to combating device-associated infections is to construct AMP-based antibacterial coatings on biomaterial surfaces. However, traditional AMP releasing coatings show temporary action due to the inherently limited reservoirs, while direct surface-tethering of AMP on surface usually suffers from the accumulation of dead microorganisms blocking functional groups. Considering the varied and complex applications of biomaterials, it is highly required to facilely adjust its functions in service and in antibacterial cases. A generic strategy by integrating the stimuli-responsive polymers and the existing antibacterial strategies exhibits a great potential in advancing the clinical applications of the AMP-based smart antibacterial platforms. In this review, the progress in the development of smart coatings based on AMP is reviewed. The main approaches to designing AMP releasing and non-releasing coatings are described, the roles of stimuli-responsive polymers in AMP-based smart coatings are also introduced, and the switching between its functions in service and antibacterial function is discussed. Furthermore, the future development of AMP-based smart coatings are prospected.