超导各向异性的研究现状简述

自从观察到临界电流随磁场偏角发生变化的现象以来（临界电流的各向异性），如何在提升临界电流的同时降低各向异性成为了获得高性能超导体的主要考量。本文将以临界电流各向异性的起源——超导各向异性为核心，简述超导各向异性的实验现象、理论描述，及其与超导电动力学本构、磁弹耦合效应之间的关系。以此简述来突出超导各向异性在超导体物理和应用方面的重要性。

Brief introduction to current status of superconducting anisotropy

Since the discovery of angle dependence of critical current, how to raise critical current and reduce its anisotropy has become the main concern in achieving high-performance superconductors. This paper reviews some aspects on the superconducting (SC) anisotropy, which is the source of the angular dependence. Some important experimental results are collected and presented here. The BGL scaling rules that describe the SC anisotropy straightforwardly are introduced. This paper also discusses the relevance to the critical-state model and vortex-driven strain. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of SC anisotropy in the area of SC physics and application.