Determination of monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) from wastewater-treatment plants

A high-performance liquid chromatography separation coupled with mass spectrometry via an electrospray interface is proposed for the determination of the hydroxylated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in treated and untreated wastewaters and suspended solids from sewage treatment plants (STPs). The developed SPE procedure was applied to spiked wastewater samples, with recovery yields (1000?mL; 100?ng?L^?1 spiking level) in the 65–87% (RSD: 6–12%) range for the selected OH-PAHs. The limits of detections ranged between 0.3 and 3.2?ng?L^?1, depending on the selected compound and on the investigated matrix. The proposed method was applied to the determination of the selected analytes in real samples from a sewage-treatment plant (STP). The investigated OH-PAHs were detected mainly in the particulate fraction. The exhibited mean concentrations of positive samples (as the sum of dissolved and particulate matter) in the STP final effluent ranged from 15 to 68?ng?L^?1.