Studies on the response of soil microflora to the application of the fungicide fenhexamid |
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Authors: | Daniela Borzì Fabrice Martin-Laurent Najoi El Azhari Mara Gennari |
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Affiliation: | 1. Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali, Sezione di Scienze Agrochimiche , University of Catania , Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123, Catania, Italy;2. UMR Microbiologie et Géochimie des Sols, INRA , Université de Bourgogne , 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France |
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Abstract: | The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of the fungicide fenhexamid (FEX) on the genetic structure of soil bacterial communities using the Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis molecular technique. Using real-time PCR, we also tried to quantify the pcaH sequences which encode the dioxygenases involved in the degradation process of a variety of aromatic compounds. Soil taken from a vineyard in the Etna Park (Sicily, Italy) was treated with FEX in the ratio 2?µg?g?1 soil every 7?days, the process being repeated four times. The analyses were carried out before treatment and 7?days after each further application of FEX. At the same time, the degradation rate was evaluated. The use of FEX determined a variation in the bacterial component of the soil which could be seen in an increase of some microbial strains and the inhibition of others. The pcaH sequence was already present in the genes of the soil microrganisms studied, but the use of FEX increased the number of the gene copies. These results suggest that the microbial population of the soil adapted to the presence of FEX with an increase in degradation potential. The measurements of the extent to which FEX was degraded confirm this hypothesis, showing that the molecule disappeared more quickly with successive applications. |
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Keywords: | Fenhexamid Soil microflora RISA Real-time PCR |
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