大型风电机组关键承载部件主动阻尼降载优化控制

为降低大型风电机组关键承载部件的载荷和疲劳损伤,通过施加主动阻尼控制来进行降载,从而延长机组关键承载部件寿命。首先从理论上分析主动阻尼控制的基本原理与其关键控制参数,并应用FAST与MATLAB的联合仿真平台分别对叶片、塔架、传动链施加主动阻尼控制进行仿真,根据仿真结果分析了5 MW风电机组关键承载部件主动阻尼控制的有效性。然后设计在现有变桨功率控制环上加入主动阻尼控制环的独立变桨控制策略,同时建立一种适用于载荷控制效果评估的疲劳损伤计算方法,利用遗传算法以风机关键承载部件疲劳经济损失最小为目标进行各主动阻尼控制器与独立变桨控制器参数的联合优化。最后对算例机组进行了独立变桨载荷控制仿真,仿真结果表明,所设计的独立主动阻尼控制策略与参数优化方法在不影响功率控制的同时能够降低关键部位的疲劳载荷,并且能够取得最优化控制效果。

Optimal Control of Active Damping Load Reduction for Key Bearing Components of Large-scale Wind Turbines

In order to reduce the load and fatigue damage of key load-bearing components of large-scale wind turbines, active damping control was applied to reduce the load and prolong the life of key load-bearing components of wind turbines. Firstly, the basic principle of active damping control and its key control parameters are analyzed theoretically, and the active damping control of blades, towers and transmission chains was simulated by the joint simulation platform of FAST and MATLAB. The effectiveness of active damping control of key bearing components of 5 MW wind turbine was analyzed according to the simulation results. Then, an independent pitch control strategy with active damper control loop was designed, and a fatigue damage calculation method suitable for load control effect evaluation was established. The parameters of active damper controller and independent pitch controller are optimized jointly by genetic algorithm aiming at minimizing the fatigue economic loss of key bearing components of fan. Finally, the load control simulation of an example unit was carried out. The simulation results show that the designed independent active damping control strategy and parameter optimization method can reduce the fatigue load of the key parts without affecting the power control, and it can achieve the optimal control result.